Friday, July 22, 2005

Together at last

America adds substance to its professions of friendship for India

America’s professions of friendship have of late started to ring rather hollow. It has remained committed to its strong alliance with India’s nuclear-powered neighbour and rival, Pakistan. It has refused to endorse India’s chief foreign-policy goal, a permanent seat on an expanded United Nations Security Council. It opposes India’s cherished project to pipe gas from Iran across Pakistan. And it has withheld co-operation in military and nuclear technology because India tested nuclear weapons in 1998 and has never signed up to the international non-proliferation regime.

Of these four areas of contention, Mr Singh’s visit marked a breakthrough only on the last. But this one matters so much that it has transformed the relationship. America has agreed to help India acquire “the same benefits and advantages” as other states with nuclear weapons. India is to be granted “full civil nuclear energy co-operation”—such as fuel supplies and the transfer of technology.

This is hugely important for India. One of the biggest constraints on the continuing success of its fast-growing economy is an electricity shortage. Nuclear energy, which at present accounts for only about 3% of total generation, is, in many eyes, an attractive alternative to coal and expensive imported oil and gas.